Flow sensors are devices designed to measure the flow rate of liquids or gases passing through them. These sensors utilize various sensing principles such as thermal, ultrasonic, magnetic, or differential pressure to detect changes in flow velocity and calculate flow rates accurately. Flow sensors find applications in industries such as automotive, HVAC, medical devices, process control, and environmental monitoring for tasks such as flow measurement, leak detection, and fluid monitoring. They offer advantages such as high accuracy, fast response times, and compatibility with different fluids and operating conditions, making them essential components in flow control and monitoring systems.