Telecom interfaces encompass a range of components and protocols used in telecommunications systems to transmit voice, data, and multimedia information over wired and wireless networks. These interfaces include analog and digital signaling methods, modulation techniques, and protocols such as PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network), ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol), and cellular communication standards like GSM, CDMA, and LTE. Telecom interfaces enable voice calls, data transfers, video conferencing, internet access, and other telecommunication services between individuals, businesses, and organizations worldwide.